Use associated type for Message in a canvas::Program

examples/bezier_tool/src/main.rs

@@ -104,7 +104,9 @@ mod bezier {
         curves: &'a [Curve],
     }
 
-    impl<'a> canvas::Program<Curve> for Bezier<'a> {
+    impl<'a> canvas::Program for Bezier<'a> {
+        type Message = Curve;
+
         fn update(
             &mut self,
             event: Event,

examples/clock/src/main.rs

@@ -76,7 +76,9 @@ impl Application for Clock {
     }
 }
 
-impl canvas::Program<Message> for Clock {
+impl canvas::Program for Clock {
+    type Message = Message;
+
     fn draw(&self, bounds: Rectangle, _cursor: Cursor) -> Vec<Geometry> {
         let clock = self.clock.draw(bounds.size(), |frame| {
             let center = frame.center();

examples/color_palette/src/main.rs

@@ -235,7 +235,9 @@ impl Theme {
     }
 }
 
-impl canvas::Program<Message> for Theme {
+impl canvas::Program for Theme {
+    type Message = Message;
+
     fn draw(&self, bounds: Rectangle, _cursor: Cursor) -> Vec<Geometry> {
         let theme = self.canvas_cache.draw(bounds.size(), |frame| {
             self.draw(frame);

examples/game_of_life/src/main.rs

@@ -328,7 +328,9 @@ mod grid {
         }
     }
 
-    impl<'a> canvas::Program<Message> for Grid {
+    impl<'a> canvas::Program for Grid {
+        type Message = Message;
+
         fn update(
             &mut self,
             event: Event,

examples/solar_system/src/main.rs

@@ -128,7 +128,9 @@ impl State {
     }
 }
 
-impl<Message> canvas::Program<Message> for State {
+impl canvas::Program for State {
+    type Message = Message;
+
     fn draw(
         &self,
         bounds: Rectangle,

graphics/src/widget/canvas.rs

@@ -12,7 +12,6 @@ use iced_native::{
     Clipboard, Element, Layout, Length, Point, Rectangle, Shell, Size, Vector,
     Widget,
 };
-use std::marker::PhantomData;
 
 pub mod event;
 pub mod path;
@@ -73,7 +72,9 @@ pub use text::Text;
 /// }
 ///
 /// // Then, we implement the `Program` trait
-/// impl Program<()> for Circle {
+/// impl Program for Circle {
+///     type Message = ();
+///
 ///     fn draw(&self, bounds: Rectangle, _cursor: Cursor) -> Vec<Geometry>{
 ///         // We prepare a new `Frame`
 ///         let mut frame = Frame::new(bounds.size());
@@ -93,14 +94,13 @@ pub use text::Text;
 /// let canvas = Canvas::new(Circle { radius: 50.0 });
 /// ```
 #[derive(Debug)]
-pub struct Canvas<Message, P: Program<Message>> {
+pub struct Canvas<P: Program> {
     width: Length,
     height: Length,
     program: P,
-    phantom: PhantomData<Message>,
 }
 
-impl<Message, P: Program<Message>> Canvas<Message, P> {
+impl<P: Program> Canvas<P> {
     const DEFAULT_SIZE: u16 = 100;
 
     /// Creates a new [`Canvas`].
@@ -109,7 +109,6 @@ impl<Message, P: Program<Message>> Canvas<Message, P> {
             width: Length::Units(Self::DEFAULT_SIZE),
             height: Length::Units(Self::DEFAULT_SIZE),
             program,
-            phantom: PhantomData,
         }
     }
 
@@ -126,9 +125,9 @@ impl<Message, P: Program<Message>> Canvas<Message, P> {
     }
 }
 
-impl<Message, P, B> Widget<Message, Renderer<B>> for Canvas<Message, P>
+impl<P, B> Widget<P::Message, Renderer<B>> for Canvas<P>
 where
-    P: Program<Message>,
+    P: Program,
     B: Backend,
 {
     fn width(&self) -> Length {
@@ -157,7 +156,7 @@ where
         cursor_position: Point,
         _renderer: &Renderer<B>,
         _clipboard: &mut dyn Clipboard,
-        shell: &mut Shell<'_, Message>,
+        shell: &mut Shell<'_, P::Message>,
     ) -> event::Status {
         let bounds = layout.bounds();
 
@@ -232,14 +231,13 @@ where
     }
 }
 
-impl<'a, Message, P, B> From<Canvas<Message, P>>
-    for Element<'a, Message, Renderer<B>>
+impl<'a, P, B> From<Canvas<P>> for Element<'a, P::Message, Renderer<B>>
 where
-    Message: 'static,
-    P: Program<Message> + 'a,
+    P::Message: 'static,
+    P: Program + 'a,
     B: Backend,
 {
-    fn from(canvas: Canvas<Message, P>) -> Element<'a, Message, Renderer<B>> {
+    fn from(canvas: Canvas<P>) -> Element<'a, P::Message, Renderer<B>> {
         Element::new(canvas)
     }
 }

graphics/src/widget/canvas/program.rs

@@ -8,7 +8,10 @@ use iced_native::{mouse, Rectangle};
 /// application.
 ///
 /// [`Canvas`]: crate::widget::Canvas
-pub trait Program<Message> {
+pub trait Program {
+    /// The [`Message`] produced by the [`Program`].
+    type Message;
+
     /// Updates the state of the [`Program`].
     ///
     /// When a [`Program`] is used in a [`Canvas`], the runtime will call this
@@ -25,7 +28,7 @@ pub trait Program<Message> {
         _event: Event,
         _bounds: Rectangle,
         _cursor: Cursor,
-    ) -> (event::Status, Option<Message>) {
+    ) -> (event::Status, Option<Self::Message>) {
         (event::Status::Ignored, None)
     }
 
@@ -53,16 +56,18 @@ pub trait Program<Message> {
     }
 }
 
-impl<T, Message> Program<Message> for &mut T
+impl<T> Program for &mut T
 where
-    T: Program<Message>,
+    T: Program,
 {
+    type Message = T::Message;
+
     fn update(
         &mut self,
         event: Event,
         bounds: Rectangle,
         cursor: Cursor,
-    ) -> (event::Status, Option<Message>) {
+    ) -> (event::Status, Option<Self::Message>) {
         T::update(self, event, bounds, cursor)
     }